Baling yarn



Sept. 12, 1944. H. H. ALMEROTH EI'AL 2,357,864

BALING YARN Fild Aug. 11, 1943 n 10 e Ira-Zora Patented Sept. 12, 1944BALING YARN Herbert Henry Almeroth and Fred. Richardson, London,England, assignors to British Ropes Limited, Doncaster, EnglandApplication August 11, 1943, Serial No. 498,242

In Great Britain January 5, 1942 1 Claim.

a single length of yarn upon itself with or without the use of a core,but in such case in order to obtain a large number of lengths of yarn,it is necessary to draw it oil the cheese or ball and cut the lengthsindividually and in succession.

In order to minimise the labour in cutting a large number of equallengths ofyarn, the practice has been adopted to form a plurality ofyarns into a strand which iswound upon itself to form a coil, cheese orthe like so that a length of the strand may be unwound and the whole ofthe individual yarns forming the portion of the strand so unwound cut orsevered from the remaining portion, after which the individual lengthsof yarns in the severed length may be separated one from th other.

In forming such strands from a plurality of yarns, hitherto the usualpractice in connection with the formation of strands for use in themanufacture of ropes has been followed, that is to say if the yarns areformed of fibres twisted in a right-hand or clockwise manner, a numberhave been formed into a strand of left-hand or anticlockwise lay or viceversa.

In this way the individual yarns bind together in the strand owing totheir opposite twists and do not tend in normal procedure to anyconsiderable extent to untwist, a feature which of course is desirablein connection with strands to be employed in the production of standardropes.

The result is that in separating the several yarns by pulling out theindividual yarns from the severed length of strand, the lengths of yarnremaining stranded together becom drawn-up or looped and the yarns aresubjected to relative- 1y considerable friction and the fibres are inconsequence caused to fray out to a greater or lesser extent and theindividual yarns are consequently weakened. 1

Further when a right-hand yarn is withdrawn from a left-hand strand orvice versa, the yarn in its passage along the strand takes up a spiralin an opposite direction to the lay of the yarn which tends to unlay theyarn, and this also tends to reduce the breaking load of the separatedyarns.

Moreover, when a right-hand yarn is stranded left-hand or vice versa,there is a further tendency in the process of stranding to take acertain amount of turn out of the yarn which in itself also has theeffect of reducing the strength 5 of the separated yarns relative to theinitial breaking load of the yarn, before stranding.

The present invention is based upon the observation that after theindividual yarns are formed of fibres with,a right-hand twist and suchyarns are twisted together to form strands also of right-hand lay, theyarns tend to untwist and the difficulties above referred to inconnection with the previous proposal do not arise, the position beingthe same when the inl5 dividual yarns are spun left-hand and are formedinto a strand which is of left-hand lay.

'The yarns in the strands thus formed in ac-" cordance with theinvention tend to unlay, separate and throw themselves out straight, all

strand formation is thus neutralised and the individual yarns can bepicked out of the cut length. If any turn remained in the strand for--mation, the yarns, when Withdrawn from the cut length, would follow aspiral which tends to put turn into the yarn and the yarns would tend totighten up in their lay instead of unlaying, thereby assisting in theretention of the original braking load of the individual yarns.

The tendency for the strand to become untwisted so that the individualyarns separate necessitates the adoption of certain precautions inhandling the strand when cutting lengths thereof, and according to theinvention to prevent the yarns forming the strand from untwistingmaterially or excessively beyond the position adjaeent to that at whichthe strand is to be severed before the length of-strand is cut, asleeve, collar, ring, thimble or the like operating to pre vent theseparation of the individual yarns is passed over the strand to a pointjust beyond that where the cut is effected.

The invention thus consists in a package of yarns the fibres of whichare twisted in a given Sensedirection or lay and formed into a strandtwisted or laid in the like direction having slidably arranged on thefree or outer end of the strand, a collar, sleeve, ring, thimble or thelike adapted to restrain the yarns from unstranding or separating and tobe passed along the strand to the position adjacent to that at which itis to be severed.

cheese or other body formed by winding or coilwise.

By the expression package is included a coil,

a the package into which the strand is formed during transport, storagevand use.

The invention will be described further in detail and by way of examplewith reference to the accompanyin drawing, in which- Figure 1illustrates a coil of the strand in accordance with the invention, and

Figure 2 is a view in elevation on a larger scale approximating actualsize of a portion of the strand.

As shown in the drawing the strand I is formed of a plurality of yarns 2and is formed by twisting the yarns in the same sense as the fibres 3are twisted to form the yarns; in these figures the yarns and also thefibres are shown twisted in right-hand lay.

I order to prevent the strand untwisting, adjacent to one end there islocated a sleeve 4 dereversedirection fromthat'in which the fibres hadbeen twisted in forming the yarns, or in other words of the standardpractice in forming strand from fibre yarns had been followed.

At this point it may be mentioned that it has been proposed in themanufacture of surgical bandages of wool or cotton to employ warpthreads each of which consists of two or more strands or threadsindividually and collectively twisted in the same direction, that is tosay right-hand twist on right-hand twist and left hand twist onleft-hand twist, the threads being signed to be slid along the length ofthe strand to a position where it may be required to sever the strand,the individual yarns constituting the I portion so severed from the coiluntwistingor separating one from the other, that isto say turnin in thedirection reverse from that in which they have been twisted together informing the strand, and to some extent twisting in the reversedirection, with -the result that the individual yarns are more readilyseparated than would be possible if the several yarns had been twistedtogether in forming the strands in the given a number of twists adaptedto double or even treble their normal torsion, such composite threadsbeing employed on account of their retracting freely when left tothemselves or when woven into a fabric, the bandage formed of suchfabric thereby possessing great elasticity and power of contraction.

We claim:

A package of yarns adapted for use for binding or baling and likepurposes, formed of' fibres spun or twisted together in a given sense,direction or lay and combined into a strand havin a lay of the likedirection, having slidably arranged on the free Or outer end of thstrand a sleeve to restrain the yarns, engaged in the sleeve fromunstranding and separating and to enable the sleeve to be moved into aposition in which a length of the yarn may be severed from the packageand thus freed from the restraining action of the sleeve in order tofaoilitate unstranding or separating of the individual yarns.

HERBERT HENRY ALMEROTH. FRED. RICHARDSON.

